1. The capital is a city of quick tempo,and of people with tight time schedules. A hurrying Moscovite wants a fast and reliable means of transport. In our days the Metro is the answer. The construction of Moscow’s Metro began in 1932. The first Metro line was opened in May 1935. It was 11.6 km long and had 13 stations. At that time the Metro trains carried 117.000 passengers a day. The construction of the Metro did not stop, not even during the Great Patriotic War, when the enemy was at Moscow’s walls. The Novokuznetskaya, Paveletskaya, and Avtozavodskaya stations were opened in 1943.<br>2. Today Moscow’s Metro has more than 140 stations. The total length of the underground lines is 226.9 km and it will reach 320 km by the end of the centure. According to the plan for the capital’s development in many cases the lines will reach the city limits and in some they will even extend as far as water reservoirs and recreation zones. New lines, called expressways, will appear. The first will run built by the year 2000. The trains on them will have 10-12 carriages which will be able to carry 1.5 million Muscovites to the centre in double-quick time daily.<br>3. 3. The intensity of traffic and volume of passengers carried by the Metro in Moscow holds the first place in the world. Every day its trains carry more than 7.000.000 passengers, and on holidays and during summer vacations the volume of the passenger flow reaches 8.000.000 people a day. Maximum train speeds are 90 km/hr. And the shortest time interval between the trains is only 80 seconds. Some lines use a computerized traffic control system which provides for train driving by one operator, without an assistant – driver.<br>4. 4. Electric diagrams of the Metro lines help the passengers select the shortest route, there are automatic coin-changing machines, automatic stiles and escalator with a total length of about 45 km. .The air in the Metro is completely changes 400 million cubic metres of air daily. This helps maintain a winter-time temperature of not below +5C, and a temperature not above 25C in summer.<br>5. According to the ”Metro of the World” reference book the Moscow Metro fare is the lowest in the world and is the same for any distance and in any direction.<br>6. A passenger of the Metro in Moscow does not feel that he is underground. Soviet engineers building new and refort. Great attention is also paid to the architecture and artist design of the stations which look more like palaces. No wonder that Moscow Metro stations won many prizes at international exhibitions, including the Grand Prix in Paris and the gold medal in New York.
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