In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of this questionnaire to identify people with hyperventilation were adequate. In this study, there was no ceiling and floor effect for the NQ, which indicates good content validity of the questionnaire in the study population. Ceiling and floor effect was not calculated in other studies. Test-retest reliability of the Iranian version of NQ showed acceptable results as well (rp=0.826). Cronbach's alpha coefficient was acceptable (α=0.702). This result shows that the questionnaire assessed the same concept (the breathing pattern disorder) and the obtained scores showed adequate reliability and stability, which indicate the accuracy of this questionnaire to detect HVS. In this study five factors out of 16 variables were identified as the main factors which had the particular values of greater than one (Table 4).
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