Lignocellulosic crop residues (LCCRs) are produced in large quantities worldwide and are effective carbon-rich materials for the production of soil conditioners. However, in many countries, LCCRs arefrequently burnt after harvest to facilitate land preparation, whichcauses massive environmental pollution and loss of plant nutrients(Kim Oanh et al., 2018). The incorporation of LCCRs into soil reducesthe amount of plant-available nitrogen as the microbial biomasswhich develops during decomposition of the lignocellulosic plantmaterial needs more nitrogen than the amount that is provided by thesubstrate and the final breakdown products of LCCRs tend to be phytotoxic (Ocio et al., 1991).In most developing countries, LCCRs are commonly used as a part offeeding ingredients for the ruminants. However, they have a low nutritional value due to their poor digestibility, nitrogen deficiency and highlevels of anti-nutritional components (lignin and silica) (Van Soest,2006; Aquino et al., 2020). The most commonly used practice to increase the nutritive value of LCCRs is treatment of the LCCRs withchemicals such as urea, ammonia or sodium hydroxide (Aquino et al.,2020), with sodium hydroxide being recommended by the Food andAgriculture Organization (FAO) (2008). However, these chemicals areexpensive and hazardous, and can cause a variety of environmental effects such as sodium contamination of the soil coupled with air pollution and water pollution (Liu et al., 1999).The search for cost-effective, fast, and sustainable alternative processes for the better management of LCCRs to solve environmental issues is therefore of paramount importance and one of the greatestchallenges in agriculture. Aerobic composting has been extensivelystudied and the results have shown that it can be an eco-sustainablegreen approach for LCCR treatment and agricultural development. Thebulk of research on aerobic composting can be found on the Web of Science Core Collection database (Fig. 1). This natural bioprocess enh
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